・これは、2018年3月30日にジャーナリスト向けに発行したサイエンス・アラートです。

・記事の引用は自由ですが、末尾の注意書きもご覧下さい。

＜海外SMC発サイエンス・アラート＞

唾液でアルツハイマー病を早期診断、高リスク者は消炎鎮痛薬で予防？：海外専門家コメント

カナダにあるAurin Biotech社の社長兼CEO、Patrick McGeer氏らの研究チームは、唾液中のアミロイドベータタンンパク質（Aβ-42）の値を測定することで発症リスクを判定でき、高リスクの場合には非ステロイド性消炎鎮痛薬（NSAID）を服用することで早期予防が可能かもしれない、との成果を発表しました。記事と論文は、3月13および16日付のJournal of Alzheimer’s Diseaseに掲載。この件についての海外専門家コメント（原文）をお送りします。

論文リンク

Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease

Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Can Prevent Alzheimer’s Disease, New Studies Claim
http://www.bmj.com/content/360/bmj.j5845http://www.sci-news.com/medicine/nonsteroidal-anti-inflammatory-drugs-alzheimers-disease-05855.html

Alzheimer’s Disease Can Be Spared by Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
ttps://content.iospress.com/articles/journal-of-alzheimers-disease/jad170706

Conquering Alzheimer’s Disease by Self Treatment
ttps://content.iospress.com/articles/journal-of-alzheimers-disease/jad179913

Dr Carol Routledge

Director of Research at Alzheimer’s Research UK

原文 

“Identifying the earliest signs of Alzheimer’s could enable future treatments to be given when they’ll be most effective but as yet, there is no simple test to identify those most at risk of the disease.  While a simple saliva test for Alzheimer’s sounds appealing, this is very early stage research that needs much more investigation before it could be considered clinically.

 

“While we know that targeting new treatments early is likely to bring the most benefits to people with dementia, this approach must be proven in well-designed clinical trials.  While this speculative review claims that ibuprofen could help prevent Alzheimer’s if given early, it does not contribute any new research evidence to assert this claim.

 

“Inflammation is an important area of Alzheimer’s research, but clinical trials into the potential benefits of anti-inflammatory drugs have yet to show conclusive benefits.  Any approach to test anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen earlier in Alzheimer’s must be tested in carefully controlled clinical trials to establish safety and efficacy.  The long-term use of certain anti-inflammatories, like ibuprofen, can increase your risk of other health problems and there is currently insufficient evidence that they are effective or safe to use to prevent Alzheimer’s disease.”

Dr Doug Brown

Chief Policy and Research Officer, Alzheimer’s Society

原文

“With no way to slow down or cure dementia, finding a way to prevent the condition is one of the holy grails of dementia research.

 

“Population studies, which gather large amounts of information from medical records from thousands of people, have thrown up an idea that taking ibuprofen and other over-the-counter anti-inflammatories might be linked to a lower risk of dementia.  But results of clinical trials with these drugs have been disappointing so far.  The researchers’ suggestion in this paper that taking a daily anti-inflammatory drug as soon as a positive result for dementia risk is shown by a saliva test is premature, based on the evidence at the moment.

 

“Long-term use of anti-inflammatories runs an increased risk of stomach ulcers and intestinal bleeding, and can have harmful interactions with other medications like Warfarin.  We always recommend talking to your doctor before changing your medication.”

Prof Tara Spires-Jones

UK Dementia Research Institute Programme Lead and Deputy Director of the Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh

原文 

“This study does not report any new data on whether the use of anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen can prevent Alzheimer's disease.  Rather, it is a very preliminary description of a new test for levels of an Alzheimer’s related protein in saliva in around 50 people.  To determine whether this new test is a good predictor of people who will go on to develop Alzheimer’s disease will need much larger studies.

 

“The use of anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen has been linked to reduced risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease in past studies of large populations.  However, these types of studies do not prove that anti-inflammatory drugs themselves actually decrease risk of disease, as other factors not related to the drugs could have the effect.  Scientists summarise this concept as ‘correlation does not imply causation’.  A good illustration of this is the fact that in children, shoe size correlates very strongly with reading ability.  However, it is not the size of the kids’ feet that causes their enhanced reading, rather the longer time they have spent learning to read, which coincidentally is also more time for their feet to grow.  Going back to anti-inflammatory drugs and dementia risk, it is still not clear whether this correlation with decreased dementia risk means the drugs cause the decreased risk.  Clinical trials using anti-inflammatory drugs in people who already have Alzheimer’s disease have failed, but it remains possible that using this type of drug many years before the disease starts could be preventative – but more work is needed to be sure.”

 

Prof John Hardy FMedSci

Professor of Neuroscience, UCL

原文 

 

“This work from a pre-eminent Canadian group is of interest.  There is no doubt that inflammatory processes are part of the underlying biology of Alzheimer’s disease and this work does deserve serious consideration.  However, ibuprofen has been tried previously in a placebo controlled double blind trial and it failed.  We need to understand why it failed and whether the trial needs repeating.  It is certainly not ready for clinical use yet.  A saliva test for amyloid would be useful, but the utility of this requires replication by other groups before it would become accepted as clinically useful.”

記事のご利用にあたって

マスメディア、ウェブを問わず、科学の問題を社会で議論するために継続して
メディアを利用して活動されているジャーナリストの方、本情報をぜひご利用下さい。
「サイエンス・アラート」「ホット・トピック」のコンセプトに関してはコチラをご覧下さい。

記事の更新や各種SMCからのお知らせをメール配信しています。

サイエンス・メディア・センターでは、このような情報をメールで直接お送りいたします。ご希望の方は、下記リンクからご登録ください。（登録は手動のため、反映に時間がかかります。また、上記下線条件に鑑み、広義の「ジャーナリスト」と考えられない方は、登録をお断りすることもありますが御了承下さい。ただし、今回の緊急時に際しては、このようにサイトでも全ての情報を公開していきます）【メディア関係者データベースへの登録】 http://smc-japan.org/?page_id=588

記事について

○ 私的／商業利用を問わず、記事の引用（二次利用）は自由です。ただし「ジャーナリストが社会に論を問うための情報ソース」であることを尊重してください（アフィリエイト目的の、記事丸ごとの転載などはお控え下さい）。

○ 二次利用の際にクレジットを入れて頂ける場合（任意）は、下記のいずれかの形式でお願いします：
・一般社団法人サイエンス・メディア・センター　・（社）サイエンス・メディア・センター
・（社）SMC　　・SMC-Japan.org

○ この情報は適宜訂正・更新を行います。ウェブで情報を掲載・利用する場合は、読者が最新情報を確認できるようにリンクをお願いします。

お問い合わせ先

○この記事についての問い合わせは「御意見・お問い合わせ」のフォーム、あるいは下記連絡先からお寄せ下さい：
一般社団法人 サイエンス・メディア・センター（日本）　Tel/Fax: 03-3202-2514